Peters



(N Model.) H. JLOH MBERLAIN& W. L. MARTIN. Pnoonss 0F DIE SHAPING. N0..Z91,682. Patented Jan. 8, 1884.

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HENRY A. CHAMBERLAIN AND \VILLIAM L. MARTIN, OF MIDDLETOW'N, CONN.

PROCESS OF DIE-SHAPING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,682, dated January 8, 1884.

v Application filed November 26, 1863. No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY A. CHAMBER- LAIN and WM. L. MARTIN, of Middletown, in the county of Middlesex, and in the State of Connecticut, havei ented certain new and useful Improvenn ..s in Processes of Die-Shaping; .and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, cle .r, and exact description there of, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which is showna sectional view of the die-shaping apparatus used in carryng out our process.

The object of our invention is to provide an improved process of shaping and ornamenting vessels of soft metal or alloy; and to this end it consists in the process hereinafter described, and more specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, A designates the shell or casing of the matrix, divided into two parts vertically. The lower end of this casing beveled or made tapering to fit closely within the bowl-shaped cavity in the upper face of the base B. As shown in the drawings,the inner face of the sides of this cavity is made fiaring outward at an angle corresponding with that of the beveling of the lower end of the matrix-casing. The circular bottom of the depression or cavity in the base is provided with a concentric annular recess or depression,b, in which is placed the washer or gasket 1), of rubber or other elastic'material. The outer wall, 12 of this recess is, as shown, made vertical, so as to confine the washer and preor depression, and, as shown,

vent it from spreading under pressure. The lower face of the casing end is provided with a corresponding annular depression, a,which,, when the end of said casing is forced down in place in the cavity in the base, coincides exactly with the recess or depression 12. The washer or gasket is, as shown, of a thickness greater than the depth of recess 1), and therefore projects above the face of the bottomof the cavity. The vertical outer wall of the recess afits over and incloses this upper portion of the washer, so that there can be no spreading of the latter. A flange,a,upon the open end or mouth of the blank A, placed within the matrix, extends outward around the edge of the matrix-bottom into this recess rests upon the elastic washer, and when the matrix-casing is forced downward into place in its base is held between the upper face of the recess and the washer, which is compressed, so as to make a tight joint. lower face with a cavity, 0', with downwardly flaring sides adapted to fit closely over the upper end of the casing A. The manner and means of connecting this cap with the press head or plate of any suitable kind of press are fully and clearly set forth in the application filed by us September 7, 1883, No. 105,8i7, as are also the connections between the cap and the casing-sections, whereby such sections are lifted and swung apart as the cap is raised. Description of them in this application,which is a division of the other, is therefore unnecessary. As described and shown in the specification and drawings of that application, the base 13 has a central vertical passngial, opcning into the center of tl'lebottozn of the cavity into which the lower end of the matrix-casing iil's. \Vith this passage connccls the horizontal passage H, extending to the side of the base. Into the end of this latter passage is inserted and properly fastened the end of pipe K, whichis to be connected with any desired means or mechanism by which hot water can be supplied under pressure. llorsuch connection the outer end of pipe K is screw-threaded to receive the coupling K. This latter is, as shown and described fully in our other application referred to hcreinbefore, to be pro vided with a let-off cock at one side, to let off the water from the interior of the vessel-blank in the matrix, and from the pipes and passages when the shaping opera-tion has been completed and the pressure upon the water from the source of supply has been shut off.

In carrying out our process the blank for the utensil or vessel, of brittania, white-metal,

The cap 0 is provided in its or any soft alley or metal, is preferably first made as near the size and general shape of the interior of the matrix as possible by spinning or otherwise, and is inserted and held in place within said matrix, as fully set forth in our other application referred to above. The

metals and alloys specified are, as .is wellv I the connccting-pipes and passages in the base of our shaper up into the interior of the blank.

We have found that water, while being safer to use than steam or hot air, can be made sufficiently hot to make the metal of the blank so soft and pliable as to take perfectly and with great clearness the shape and ornament-ations of the die or matrix. If cold water under pressure were used, the blank might be made to take roughlythe form of the matrix, but not closely and accurately the ornamentations thereof. As indicated above, there is also the objection to such use of cold fluid that the metal is liable to crack and check or wrinkle. The water can be heated in any desired way, either before it is acted upon by the means for putting it under pressure and forcing it into the blank, or after it has been put under pressure and before it enters the blank. WVhen such hot water is used, the heat softens and renders pliable the metal of the blank and makes such blank capable of great change in size and form under the influence of the pressure from within, so that it can be made not only to fill a matrix much larger than itself, but to conform to its shape and even to very delicate ornamentations of its inner surface most perfectly and accurately. It is not, therefore, necessary to make the blank conform closely to the size or general outline and shape of the matrix before inserting it in the latter. When the shaping operation is complete, as indicated above, the pressure from the source of supply of the wateris shut off and the letoff cock is opened, so as to relieve the pressure within the vessel and passages, and to allow the water to escape therefrom. The pressure upon the cap on the casin g is then removed and said cap raised. By such raising of the cap the matrix-sections are also raised and allowed to swing apart by the connections between them and the cap, as fully shown and described in our oth er application. The shaped. and ornamental vessel can then readily be removed from the interior of the matrix and another blank be inserted in place therein.

.Where my process as set forth is used, no other preliminary shaping of the blank than can be done by spinning is necessary, and from such spun blank vessels of any angular, oval, or irregular shape can be formed. All the tedious steps heretofore necessary in the shaping of such vessels are therefore done away with, and oval or irregularly-shapcd vessels can be as readily made as round or regularly shaped ones.

We do not herein intend to claim any of the mechanism or apparatus used in carrying out our process, as we have fully described by the material of the blank or form is softened, rendered more pliable, and forced to conform to the shape and size of the matrix, substantially as shown and described.

2. The process of shaping vessels or utensils of soft metal or alloy, whichconsistsin placing within a suitably-shaped matrix a blank spun to'conform as nearly ossible to the general shape of the matrix, andlforeing into such blank water heated and under pressure, whereby the material of the blank is softened, made more pliable, and forced to conform to the shape and size of the matrix, substantially as set forth.

3. The process of shaping and ornamenting vessels or utensils of soft metal or alloy, which consists in placing within a suitably shaped and ornamented matrix a blank or form and forcing into such blank water heated and under pressure, whereby the material of said blank is softened, rendered more pliable, and forced to conform to the size, shape, and ornamentations of the matrix, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4.. The process of shaping and ornamenting vessels or utensils of soft metal or alloy, which consists in placing within a suitably shaped and ornamented matrix a blank or form spun to conform as nearly as possible to the general shape of the matrix, and forcing into such blank or form' water heated and under presture, whereby the material of said blank is softened, rendered more pliable, and made to conform accurately to the size, shape, and ornamentations of the matrix, substantially as described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands this 31st day of October, 1883.

HENRY A. CHAMBERLAIN. WILLIAM L. MARTIN. \Vitncsses:

Emvns'r KING, GERALD E. KING. 

